Thursday, 22 November 2012


Aptitude testing paractice

Verbal reasoning psychometric tests, along with other aptitude tests are widely used in job selection processes, as employers want to assess candidates' ability to comprehend, analyze, and interpret written text - a required task in most positions.
True/False/Cannot say tests
The most common question format that currently appears in verbal reasoning tests is the true or false question type. This question format can appear both in simple verbal reasoning tests and in advanced critical reasoning tests. Positions of higher-end profiles e.g. management, finance, and banking are more likely to encounter the advanced version of these tests as they measure critical and analytical skills. 


Additional verbal reasoning test types
  • Logical reasoning tests – measure your ability to read a text and establish relationships between groups.
  • Critical thinking tests – read more about Watson-Glaser Test and oxford and Cambridge's TSA
  • Analogies – measure your understanding of word meanings and their relationships.
  • English proficiency tests – following instructions, vocabulary, and spelling.
  • Verbal application – sentence completion. Assesses your reading comprehension and ability to fill in missing words in a sentence.
  • Mixed sentences – requires the candidate to make sense of a sentence in which the words have been mixed up.
  • Verbal comprehension – another popular question type that requires the reader to identify a certain piece of information in the text under a very limited time frame, thereby evaluating the ability to quickly scan and discern verbal texts to find relevant data.

Verbal reasoning tests sample questions
The following verbal reasoning questions demonstrate different kinds of verbal reasoning psychometric tests you may encounter: 

  1. Mixed Sentences
  2. Verbal Critical Reasoning
  3. Verbal Application
  4. Logical Reasoning
  5. Following instructions


1. Mixed Sentences
Please identify the two words in the sentence that have been misplaced.

Employment figures plunging hopes that the economy may not be raise into recession after all

A. figures; raise B. into; economy C. plunging; raise D. hopes; after

2. Verbal Critical Reasoning or Verbal Evaluation
The following passage discusses the growing market for organic foods. Following the passage, you'll be presented with a statement. Your task is to determine if the statement is:

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say (based on the information provided rather than on your previous assumptions and general knowledge).

Read the passage below and try to determine the correct answer.

The production of organic food products supplied in food stores continues to increase considerably, with demand particularly high in Europe and North America. Health awareness and higher standards of living are both enhancing consumption, and the market is likely to triple over the next decade. The organic food industry is facing the challenge of how it will cope with the forecast future demand.

Statement: Organic food production is the fastest growing field in the food industry.

A. True B. False C. Cannot Say

3. Verbal Application
Circle the combination of words that most suitably fills in the blanks.

The job applicants that have successfully _______ the selection tests will be _______ to take part in a group exercise.

A) completed; invite
B) mastered; presented
C) completed; invited
D) ended; invited
E) completed; administered

4. Logical Reasoning
Please choose one correct answer.

There are four famous typical pictures in a museum: scenery, a kitchen, a park and oranges. The paintings were painted by Jones, Smith, Hardy and Lane. The scenery painting is hanging next to Smith's painting. The scenery painting also hangs between the park and Hardy's painting. Jones didn't paint the scenery' or the oranges. Who painted the kitchen?

A. Jones B. Smith C. Hardy D. None of the above

5. Following Instructions
What’s the last letter of the word describing where the sun sets?

A) t
B) h
C) w
D) e
E) s


Answers for Verbal Reasoning questions
1. The misplaced words are – 'plunging' and 'raise.

'Employment figures plunging hopes that the economy may not be raise into recession after all.

The sentence should be: Employment figures raise hopes that the economy may not be plunging into recession after all.
The correct answer is C.

2. According to the text, "The production of organic food products… continues to increase considerably" and "is likely to triple over the next decade". However, the passage does not explicitly state that organic food production is the fastest growing field in the food industry. Based on prior knowledge and the tendency to make assumptions, we may assume that the answer is true. However, the correct answer in this case is 'cannot say'.

3. The correct answer is C.
The job applicants that have successfully completed the selection tests will be invited to take part in a group exercise.

4. The scenery painting is hanging next to Smith's painting, and between Hardy's painting and the painting of the park. We can conclude, therefore, that Smith painted the park. Since Jones didn didn't paint the scenery painting, the oranges painting or the park painting (done by Smith), then he must have painted the kitchen. The answer is A.

5. The sun sets in the west, and the last letter in the word west is "t". The answer is A. 
Naturally, non-native speakers have a significant disadvantage in the Verbal section of the psychometric tests as well as candidates with a weaker educational background.

However, verbal ability – comprehension, vocabulary and interpretation, can be improved significantly through practice. Understanding the underpinning principles as well as the mere exposure to these tests are all key contributors to your success. 

Similar to Numerical Reasoning Tests – 'hands on' practice' will increase your self confidence and improve your results.

Ability to follow directions

TIME: 10 Minutes


Name _____________________________________


The object of this exam will point out that directions are made to be followed. Trainees often find difficulty with an assignment not because they can’t do the work, but because they have not followed directions. They have not followed directions because they have not read them carefully enough to fully understand. This would not be wise, because the main direction is this:

READ EVERYTHING BEFORE DOING ANYTHING. 
  1. Print your last name in the space provided on this page where it says "Name". 
  2. Circle the word "provided" in sentence one. 
  3. Draw five small squares in the upper left-hand corner of this page. 
  4. Put an "X" in each square. 
  5. Put a circle around each square. 
  6. Underline "ability to follow directions." 
  7. After "ability to follow directions," write "Yes." 
  8. Put a circle around "each" in sentence five. 
  9. Put an "X" in the lower left-hand corner of this page. 
  10. Draw a triangle around the "X" that you have just drawn. 
  11. Draw a rectangle around the word "squares" in sentence three. 
  12. On the reverse side of this paper, in the upper left-hand corner, add 50 and 40. 
  13. On the reverse side of this paper, at the top right-hand corner, multiply 70 by 98. 
  14. Write your first name before doing anything else on this test. 
  15. If you think you have followed directions up to this point, write "I have." 
  16. Now that you have followed the directions in the first paragraph to READ EVERYTHING BEFORE DOING ANYTHING, do only sentence one.

Saturday, 17 November 2012

Learning English
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Emotions idioms - anger
Riot
Cao Tongyou from China writes:
In Chinese culture there are a lot of idioms which express people's feelings or emotions. I have learnt a few English idioms, but I do not know how to use them for specified occasions. I would appreciate it very much if you could spare a second to give me some suggestions.
Ganka Petkova from Bulgaria writes:
I would be grateful if you could explain the exact meaning of words which express human feelings. I'm trying to find a way to remember them. If you could give me some examples of using the right word in the right situation, I'd appreciate it.
Roger Woodham replies:
 We have many idioms which express human emotions. An idiom is a fixed expression, both grammatically and lexically. It is not possible to replace any of the words in the idiom and retain the idiomatic meaning. For example to let it all hang outmeans to have a very good time. If you said: I'm going to allow it all to hang out, this would change the meaning completely and you might be talking about putting the washing out to dry.
Some idioms remain in fashion and contribute to the unique character of a language over a long time. It is useful to know these. Some idioms go out of fashion. New idioms come into fashion over a period of time.
 
  
All of the following idioms describing just one human emotion are currently in use. Pay attention to meaning, but pay particular attention too to the context in which they are used as this will help to clarify when and how to use them.
degrees of anger (in increasing intensity)
to be / get steamed up - feel annoyed
to be / get hot under the collar - feel irritated
to be on the warpath - prepare to vent one's anger
to be up in arms - protest strongly
to be hopping mad - feel very angry
to fly off the handle - suddenly lose one's temper
to throw a wobbler - become suddenly angry with someone and break down in tears
to do one's nut - totally lose one's temper
to hit the ceiling / roof - comprehensively lose one's temper
to blow one's top / a fuse / a gasket - totally lose one's temper
to rant and rave - to argue loudly and energetically
  • When I failed to attend the first seminar, my tutor got verysteamed up about it.
  • Because I told him there's no more money to spend on entertaining clients this month, he got a bit hot under the collar this morning.
  • I've stained the white carpet in the living room, so my mother'son the warpath.
  • The unions are up in arms since management declared there would be only a 2 percent increase on basic wages this year.
  • He's hopping mad because his daughter has borrowed his car for the weekend without first asking his permission.
  • I'm sorry. I shouldn't have flown off the handle like that. Please forgive me.
  • When she learnt that Bill had been cheating on her, she threw a wobbler and wouldn't stop crying.
  • My mother did her nut / hit the roof / blew her top when I told her I was quitting university.
 
  If you need to calm somebody down, you could say:
  • Take it easy.
    Or you might hear young people say:
  • Chill out!
to feel annoyed and disappointed
to be miffed
to be sick as a parrot
  • I was a bit miffed when I wasn't invited to Julie's wedding.
  • I was sick as a parrot at the way we lost the match in the last minute.
to annoy someone
to rub someone up the wrong way
to make someone's blood boil
  • He certainly knows how to rub you up the wrong way and he's only four years old.
  • It made my blood boil when I saw that he had taken all the credit for the work I'd done.
There are, of course, many emotions (and related idioms) apart from anger, but I will save these for future occasions. Otherwise this reply would be too long.